摘要： 土壤盐渍化已成为影响中国农业生产的重要问题，筛选耐盐绿豆种质资源对于盐渍化土地利用具有重要意义。本研究对346份国内外绿豆种质苗期用150 mmol L^-1 NaCl进行胁迫处理，测定了株高、地上部鲜重、根鲜重、地上部干重、根干重、根长、根体积等12个指标，采用主成分分析和隶属函数分析、耐盐性综合评价分析及聚类分析对各样本的耐盐性进行了综合评价和归类，并采用逐步回归分析建立了耐盐性预测回归方程。结果表明，处理组与对照组各性状评价指标存在极显著差异，且12个指标的耐盐系数间均存在着不同程度的相关性。结合盐害症状等级划分与耐盐性综合评价结果，筛选到苗期高耐盐(1级)绿豆26份，耐盐(3级)绿豆65份，对盐分敏感(7级)绿豆74份，对盐分极敏感(9级)绿豆18份。其中来自江西的C04125、菲律宾的C06310等10份耐盐能力最强，可作为绿豆耐盐育种的优异种质资源。地上部鲜重、根鲜重、根干重、根长、根体积和根分枝数可以作为绿豆苗期耐盐性评价指标。

关键词： 绿豆,  种质资源,  苗期,  耐盐性,  综合评价 

Abstract: Soil salinization has become one of the important factors affecting agricultural production in China. It is of great significance to screen germplasm resources of mungbean [Vigna radiate (L.) Wilczek] for the utilization of salinized land. In the present study, the seedlings of 346 domestic and foreign collections of mungbean were exposed to 150 mmol L^-1 NaCl. To evaluate the salt-tolerance of different mungbean genotypes at seedling stage, 12 indicators were calculated, including plant height, fresh weight of above-ground part, fresh weight of root, dry weight of above-ground part, dry root weight, root length, and root volume. Salt tolerance of each sample was comprehensively evaluated and classified by principal component analysis, membership function analysis, salt tolerance comprehensive evaluation, and cluster analysis; and the regression equation of salt tolerance prediction was established by stepwise regression analysis. The results revealed that there were significant differences between treatment group and control group in each trait evaluation index, and the salt tolerance coefficients of the 12 indicators were correlated to some content. Combining the classification of salt damage symptoms and the comprehensive evaluation results of salt tolerance, 26 mungbean germplasms with high salt tolerance, 65 germplasms with high salt tolerance, 74 germplasms with salt sensitive, and 18 germplasms with extremely salt sensitive were selected at seedling stage. Among them, 10 varieties such as C04125 from Jiangxi and C06310 from the Philippines had the strongest salt tolerance, which could be used as excellent resources for mungbean salt tolerance breeding. Above-ground fresh weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root length, root volume, and root branch number could be used to predict salt tolerance of mungbean at seedling stage.

Key words: mungbean [Vigna radiate (L.) Wilczek],  germplasm resources,  seeding stage,  salt tolerance,  comprehensive evaluation 

收稿日期: 2020-12-28

基金资助: 本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000702，2019YFD1000700)，中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目，农作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2019NWB036-07)，国家农作物种质资源共享服务平台(NICGR2019)和国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-08)项目资助。